This notebook demonstrates how to create agents that can play chess witheach other while communicating in natural language. The key conceptcovered in this notebook is the use of nested chats to enable tool useand packaging an LLM-based agent with a tool executor agent into asingle agent.
In this setting, each player is an agent backed by an LLM equipped twotools: - get_legal_moves to get a list of current legal moves. -make_move to make a move.
A board proxy agent is set up to execute the tools and manage the game.It is important to use a board proxy as a non-LLM “guard rail” to ensurethe game is played correctly and to prevent agents from making illegalmoves.
Each time a player agent receives a message from the other player agent,it instantiates a nested chat with the board proxy agent to get thelegal moves and make a move using the tools given. The nested chatbetween the player agent and the board agent continues until the a legalmove is made by the tool. Once the nested chat concludes, the playeragent sends a message to the other player agent about the move made.
First you need to install the autogen-agentchat~=0.2 and chesspackages to use AutoGen.
Now you can set up the models you want to use.
Write functions for getting legal moves and making a move.
Let’s create the agents. We have three different agents: -player_white is the agent that plays white. - player_black is theagent that plays black. - board_proxy is the agent that moves thepieces on the board.
Now the agents have their tools ready. You can inspect theauto-generated tool schema for each agent.
[{'type': 'function',
'function': {'description': 'Call this tool to make a move.',
'name': 'make_move',
'parameters': {'type': 'object',
'properties': {'move': {'type': 'string',
'description': 'A move in UCI format.'}},
'required': ['move']}}},
{'type': 'function',
'function': {'description': 'Get legal moves.',
'name': 'get_legal_moves',
'parameters': {'type': 'object', 'properties': {}, 'required': []}}}]
Register nested chats for the player agents. Nested chats allows eachplayer agent to chat with the board proxy agent to make a move, beforecommunicating with the other player agent.
In the code below, in each nested chat, the board proxy agent starts aconversation with the player agent using the message recieved from theother player agent (e.g., “Your move”). The two agents continue theconversation until a legal move is made using the make_move tool. Thelast message in the nested chat is a message from the player agent aboutthe move made, and this message is then sent to the other player agent.
The following diagram illustrates the nested chat between the playeragent and the board agent.
Start the chess game.
Player Black (to Player White):
Let's play chess! Your move.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
********************************************************************************
Starting a new chat....
********************************************************************************
Board Proxy (to Player White):
Let's play chess! Your move.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player White (to Board Proxy):
***** Suggested tool call (call_8aNbVlbAuH1l4f196x6R5Ccv): get_legal_moves *****
Arguments:
{}
********************************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> EXECUTING FUNCTION get_legal_moves...
Board Proxy (to Player White):
Board Proxy (to Player White):
***** Response from calling tool (call_8aNbVlbAuH1l4f196x6R5Ccv) *****
Possible moves are: g1h3,g1f3,b1c3,b1a3,h2h3,g2g3,f2f3,e2e3,d2d3,c2c3,b2b3,a2a3,h2h4,g2g4,f2f4,e2e4,d2d4,c2c4,b2b4,a2a4
**********************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player White (to Board Proxy):
***** Suggested tool call (call_BT0pL4qOUJNt4tH9JhzUWxa0): make_move *****
Arguments:
{"move":"e2e4"}
**************************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> EXECUTING FUNCTION make_move...
Board Proxy (to Player White):
Board Proxy (to Player White):
***** Response from calling tool (call_BT0pL4qOUJNt4tH9JhzUWxa0) *****
Moved pawn (♙) from e2 to e4.
**********************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player White (to Board Proxy):
I've moved the pawn from e2 to e4. Your move!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Player White (to Player Black):
I've moved the pawn from e2 to e4. Your move!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
********************************************************************************
Starting a new chat....
********************************************************************************
Board Proxy (to Player Black):
I've moved the pawn from e2 to e4. Your move!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player Black (to Board Proxy):
***** Suggested tool call (call_4kweVDAIgGqvKruWz4PvK01f): get_legal_moves *****
Arguments:
{}
********************************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> EXECUTING FUNCTION get_legal_moves...
Board Proxy (to Player Black):
Board Proxy (to Player Black):
***** Response from calling tool (call_4kweVDAIgGqvKruWz4PvK01f) *****
Possible moves are: g8h6,g8f6,b8c6,b8a6,h7h6,g7g6,f7f6,e7e6,d7d6,c7c6,b7b6,a7a6,h7h5,g7g5,f7f5,e7e5,d7d5,c7c5,b7b5,a7a5
**********************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player Black (to Board Proxy):
***** Suggested tool call (call_p3asgsBvtmA7O4aAtgHhYp48): make_move *****
Arguments:
{"move":"e7e5"}
**************************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> EXECUTING FUNCTION make_move...
Board Proxy (to Player Black):
Board Proxy (to Player Black):
***** Response from calling tool (call_p3asgsBvtmA7O4aAtgHhYp48) *****
Moved pawn (♟) from e7 to e5.
**********************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player Black (to Board Proxy):
I've moved my pawn from e7 to e5. Your move!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Player Black (to Player White):
I've moved my pawn from e7 to e5. Your move!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
********************************************************************************
Starting a new chat....
********************************************************************************
Board Proxy (to Player White):
I've moved my pawn from e7 to e5. Your move!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player White (to Board Proxy):
***** Suggested tool call (call_9ynncokEz6NnIAy4RWLoUSb6): get_legal_moves *****
Arguments:
{}
********************************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> EXECUTING FUNCTION get_legal_moves...
Board Proxy (to Player White):
Board Proxy (to Player White):
***** Response from calling tool (call_9ynncokEz6NnIAy4RWLoUSb6) *****
Possible moves are: g1h3,g1f3,g1e2,f1a6,f1b5,f1c4,f1d3,f1e2,e1e2,d1h5,d1g4,d1f3,d1e2,b1c3,b1a3,h2h3,g2g3,f2f3,d2d3,c2c3,b2b3,a2a3,h2h4,g2g4,f2f4,d2d4,c2c4,b2b4,a2a4
**********************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player White (to Board Proxy):
***** Suggested tool call (call_ohlmvsDY5fFi9JaryU2y9IhS): make_move *****
Arguments:
{"move":"e2e4"}
**************************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> EXECUTING FUNCTION make_move...
Board Proxy (to Player White):
Board Proxy (to Player White):
***** Response from calling tool (call_ohlmvsDY5fFi9JaryU2y9IhS) *****
Error: illegal uci: 'e2e4' in rnbqkbnr/pppp1ppp/8/4p3/4P3/8/PPPP1PPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 2
**********************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player White (to Board Proxy):
It looks like there was an error with my intended move, which seems to be a misunderstanding since the move I tried to make (e2 to e4) is not legal given the board's current state. Since I mistakenly interpreted the board's initial setup and your move, let's proceed correctly based on the actual state of the game.
Based on the available moves, I will now choose a different move to make. Let's go with d2 to d4.
***** Suggested tool call (call_zNB1QN26j5T0cggskYabBJRs): make_move *****
Arguments:
{"move":"d2d4"}
**************************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> EXECUTING FUNCTION make_move...
Board Proxy (to Player White):
Board Proxy (to Player White):
***** Response from calling tool (call_zNB1QN26j5T0cggskYabBJRs) *****
Moved pawn (♙) from d2 to d4.
**********************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player White (to Board Proxy):
I've moved my pawn from d2 to d4. Your move!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Player White (to Player Black):
I've moved my pawn from d2 to d4. Your move!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
********************************************************************************
Starting a new chat....
********************************************************************************
Board Proxy (to Player Black):
I've moved my pawn from d2 to d4. Your move!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player Black (to Board Proxy):
***** Suggested tool call (call_NXjSt2zzC6e342henmdTTV6U): get_legal_moves *****
Arguments:
{}
********************************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> EXECUTING FUNCTION get_legal_moves...
Board Proxy (to Player Black):
Board Proxy (to Player Black):
***** Response from calling tool (call_NXjSt2zzC6e342henmdTTV6U) *****
Possible moves are: g8e7,g8h6,g8f6,f8e7,f8d6,f8c5,f8b4,f8a3,e8e7,d8e7,d8f6,d8g5,d8h4,b8c6,b8a6,e5d4,h7h6,g7g6,f7f6,d7d6,c7c6,b7b6,a7a6,h7h5,g7g5,f7f5,d7d5,c7c5,b7b5,a7a5
**********************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player Black (to Board Proxy):
***** Suggested tool call (call_yBiZaYTC96uQGwJWYdg1qra0): make_move *****
Arguments:
{"move":"d7d5"}
**************************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> EXECUTING FUNCTION make_move...
Board Proxy (to Player Black):
Board Proxy (to Player Black):
***** Response from calling tool (call_yBiZaYTC96uQGwJWYdg1qra0) *****
Moved pawn (♟) from d7 to d5.
**********************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player Black (to Board Proxy):
I've moved my pawn from d7 to d5. Your move!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Player Black (to Player White):
I've moved my pawn from d7 to d5. Your move!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
********************************************************************************
Starting a new chat....
********************************************************************************
Board Proxy (to Player White):
I've moved my pawn from d7 to d5. Your move!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player White (to Board Proxy):
***** Suggested tool call (call_xl3cbAtWFeOX05gaOdGLnZQk): get_legal_moves *****
Arguments:
{}
********************************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> EXECUTING FUNCTION get_legal_moves...
Board Proxy (to Player White):
Board Proxy (to Player White):
***** Response from calling tool (call_xl3cbAtWFeOX05gaOdGLnZQk) *****
Possible moves are: g1h3,g1f3,g1e2,f1a6,f1b5,f1c4,f1d3,f1e2,e1e2,e1d2,d1h5,d1g4,d1f3,d1d3,d1e2,d1d2,c1h6,c1g5,c1f4,c1e3,c1d2,b1c3,b1a3,b1d2,e4d5,d4e5,h2h3,g2g3,f2f3,c2c3,b2b3,a2a3,h2h4,g2g4,f2f4,c2c4,b2b4,a2a4
**********************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player White (to Board Proxy):
***** Suggested tool call (call_qwjiKCij3YKIdaebFwtSeU4C): make_move *****
Arguments:
{"move":"e4d5"}
**************************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> EXECUTING FUNCTION make_move...
Board Proxy (to Player White):
Board Proxy (to Player White):
***** Response from calling tool (call_qwjiKCij3YKIdaebFwtSeU4C) *****
Moved pawn (♙) from e4 to d5.
**********************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player White (to Board Proxy):
I've moved my pawn from e4 to d5. Your move!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Player White (to Player Black):
I've moved my pawn from e4 to d5. Your move!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
********************************************************************************
Starting a new chat....
********************************************************************************
Board Proxy (to Player Black):
I've moved my pawn from e4 to d5. Your move!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player Black (to Board Proxy):
***** Suggested tool call (call_zNB1QN26j5T0cggskYabBJRs): get_legal_moves *****
Arguments:
{}
********************************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> EXECUTING FUNCTION get_legal_moves...
Board Proxy (to Player Black):
Board Proxy (to Player Black):
***** Response from calling tool (call_zNB1QN26j5T0cggskYabBJRs) *****
Possible moves are: g8e7,g8h6,g8f6,f8e7,f8d6,f8c5,f8b4,f8a3,e8e7,e8d7,d8e7,d8d7,d8f6,d8d6,d8g5,d8d5,d8h4,c8d7,c8e6,c8f5,c8g4,c8h3,b8d7,b8c6,b8a6,e5d4,h7h6,g7g6,f7f6,c7c6,b7b6,a7a6,e5e4,h7h5,g7g5,f7f5,c7c5,b7b5,a7a5
**********************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player Black (to Board Proxy):
***** Suggested tool call (call_bBbRQByx2cqL1BrHi79qzuUj): make_move *****
Arguments:
{"move":"d8d5"}
**************************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> EXECUTING FUNCTION make_move...
Board Proxy (to Player Black):
Board Proxy (to Player Black):
***** Response from calling tool (call_bBbRQByx2cqL1BrHi79qzuUj) *****
Moved queen (♛) from d8 to d5.
**********************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player Black (to Board Proxy):
I've moved my queen from d8 to d5. Your move!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Player Black (to Player White):
I've moved my queen from d8 to d5. Your move!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
********************************************************************************
Starting a new chat....
********************************************************************************
Board Proxy (to Player White):
I've moved my queen from d8 to d5. Your move!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player White (to Board Proxy):
***** Suggested tool call (call_p3asgsBvtmA7O4aAtgHhYp48): get_legal_moves *****
Arguments:
{}
********************************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> EXECUTING FUNCTION get_legal_moves...
Board Proxy (to Player White):
Board Proxy (to Player White):
***** Response from calling tool (call_p3asgsBvtmA7O4aAtgHhYp48) *****
Possible moves are: g1h3,g1f3,g1e2,f1a6,f1b5,f1c4,f1d3,f1e2,e1e2,e1d2,d1h5,d1g4,d1f3,d1d3,d1e2,d1d2,c1h6,c1g5,c1f4,c1e3,c1d2,b1c3,b1a3,b1d2,d4e5,h2h3,g2g3,f2f3,c2c3,b2b3,a2a3,h2h4,g2g4,f2f4,c2c4,b2b4,a2a4
**********************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player White (to Board Proxy):
***** Suggested tool call (call_NXjSt2zzC6e342henmdTTV6U): make_move *****
Arguments:
{"move":"d2d4"}
**************************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> EXECUTING FUNCTION make_move...
Board Proxy (to Player White):
Board Proxy (to Player White):
***** Response from calling tool (call_NXjSt2zzC6e342henmdTTV6U) *****
Error: illegal uci: 'd2d4' in rnb1kbnr/ppp2ppp/8/3qp3/3P4/8/PPP2PPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 4
**********************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player White (to Board Proxy):
It appears I made an error in processing moves, as the move I attempted is invalid based on the current position. Since my previous attempt to move a pawn from d2 to d4 is not legal in the current board setup, let me choose a new move.
Given the legal moves provided and the error, I will select another move. Let's proceed with a different strategy:
I will move my knight from g1 to f3.
***** Suggested tool call (call_hj4SR70DRGdP85yRvzFNKx62): make_move *****
Arguments:
{"move":"g1f3"}
**************************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> EXECUTING FUNCTION make_move...
Board Proxy (to Player White):
Board Proxy (to Player White):
***** Response from calling tool (call_hj4SR70DRGdP85yRvzFNKx62) *****
Moved knight (♘) from g1 to f3.
**********************************************************************
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>> USING AUTO REPLY...
Player White (to Board Proxy):
I've moved my knight from g1 to f3. Your move!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Player White (to Player Black):
I've moved my knight from g1 to f3. Your move!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the output above, you can see “Start a new chat” is displayedwhenever a new nested chat is started between the board proxy agent anda player agent. The “carryover” is empty as it is a new chat in thesequence.
